The Graf Method for Spanish, Vol. 3

Ten units. Grammar explanations are in Spanish and English. Units include examples, conversations and homework exercises, with reading texts in Units 3, 5, 6 and 8.

Unit 1. Tense review: present, preterite and present progressive. Stem-changing verbs (E → IE, O → UE) in the present and the preterite.

Unit 2. The imperfect tense: regular and important irregular verbs, time expressions and uses. The verb soler. List of regular verbs. Story in the imperfect.

Unit 3. English equivalents of the imperfect. Preterite vs. imperfect: specific periods of time, mientras, action vs. description, and fui / era / estuve / estaba.

Unit 4. At the restaurant: vocabulary and conversation. Cerca and lejos; fácil and difícil. Por and para. Diminutive and superlative suffixes (-ito, -ísimo). Hubo and había.

Unit 5. The preposition entre. Changes in conjunctions (y → e, o → u). Adverbs ending in -mente. Ordinal numbers.

Unit 6. The future with ir a + infinitive and future time expressions. Reflexive verbs in all tenses, and with infinitives and gerunds.

Unit 7. Travel vocabulary and transportation (tomar, ir en). Expressions with tener. Traer vs. llevar.

Unit 8. Third person direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las), including with infinitives and gerunds.

Unit 9. Review of Units 1-8.

Unit 10. Reading in the imperfect tense.