Laboratory and Field Evalutation of Liner Materials for tannery waste

Chromium is considered to be a toxic heavy metal generated from various industries such as metallurgical, refractory, chemical pigments, electroplating and tanning along with liquid or solid waste. The tanning industry is a major contributor of chromium pollution in India. It is estimated that in India alone, about 2000-3000 tones of chromium escape into environment annually from the tanning industries, with chromium concentration ranging between 2000 and 5000 mg/L in the effluent, compared to the recommended permissible limit of 2 mg/L. So keeping this in view, the present study was undertaken with the objective to asses the suitability of different types of liners such as (a) geosynthetic clay liners,(b) geomembranes and (c) clayey soil samples are to be collected from different areas of plant and neighboring areas for using as a liner material in a landfill near tannery waste disposal site to prevent chromium contamination in the surrounding lithospheric environment with the hypothesis that the soil to be used possess good chromium attenuation capacity. This study has also assessed the performance of clayey soils with various amendments (such as fly-ash, bentonite, and rice husk