Complete Introduction To Photography

COMPLETED INTRODUCTION TO PHOTOGRAPHY By J. HARRIS GABLE. Originaly published in 1940. Contents include: PREFACE xiii PART I. THEORY OF PHOTOGRAPHY I. PICTURES AND PICTURETAKERS 3 II. THE LENS 7 III. THE CAMERA 18 IV. TYPES OF CAMERAS 2.9 V. FILM 38 VI. OTHER PHOTOGRAPHIC TOOLS 48 PART II. PICTURETAKING VII. OUTDOOR PICTURES 63 VIII. INDOOR PICTURES 76 IX. PORTRAITS AND POSED PICTURES 84 X. SPECIAL SUBJECTS 92. XI. SPECIAL METHODS OF PICTURETAKING 107 XII. MOVIES 134 PART III. DARKROOM WORK XIII. DEVELOPING 153 XIV. PRINTING AND FINISHING 167 XV. ENLARGING 180 XVI, THE DARKROOM 191 vu viii CONTENTS XVIL SPECIAL DARKROOM WORK: 2.01 XVIII. COLOR PRINTS 2.14 XIX. EXHIBITIONS AND SALONS 2.2.4 PART IV. LABORATORY MANUAL X4i INDEX 2.65 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS MITZI Frontispiece Facing t a ff i. LANDSCAPE Photograph by Claude Pilger 78 z. PUMP AND STONE BARN Photograph by D wight Kirsch 78 3. INFORMAL PORTRAIT BY DAYLIGHT 79 4. PORTRAIT BY STANDARD LIGHTING 79 5. PROFILE PORTRAIT 79 6. MARIHUANA: POSED PICTURE 79 7-J-94 8. THREE WISE FOOLS Photograph by George Holmes 94 9. NEBRASKA CAPITOL Photograph by Claude Pilger 94 10. JANICE 94 11. CLOUDS Photograph by Claude Pilger 95 iz. FLOWERS Photograph by Claude Pilger 95 13. LIGHTNING Photograph by Claude Pilger loz 14. DREAM LAKE ioz 15. KITTENS Photograph by Claude Pilger 101 1 6. BASEBALL: ACTION PICTURE Photograph by H. A. Coleman 103 17. DEFIANCE Photograph by Claude Pilger 103 18. COPY OF COLORED BIBLE COVER Photograph by Claude Pilger H4 19. PHOTOMACROGRAPH Photograph by Claude Pilger 114 zo. INFRARED PICTURE Photograph by Claude Pilger 114 zi. PHOTOMICROGRAPH OF TOOTH SECTION 115 zz. SAND: TEXTURE PICTURE Photograph by Claude Pilger 115 Z3. OVEREXPOSED, NORMALLY EXPOSED, AND UNDEREXPOSED NEGATIVE I 7 Z4-NEGATIVE AND POSITIVE I 7 zj. UNDEREXPOSED, NORMALLY EXPOSED, AND OVEREXPOSED PRINT I 7 I ix x ILLUSTRATIONS 2.6. NORMAL NEGATIVE PRINTED ON THREE CONTRASTS 171 2.7, PRINTS FROM FLAT AND HARD SUCTIONS OF NEGATIVE SHOWN IN ILLUSTRATION 2.) 171 z8. TEXTURE PRINT 182. 2.9. SNOW EFFECT PRINT 382. 30. SEVEN DIAMETER ENLARGEMENT 182. 31. PRINTING-IN CLOUDS 183 32.. PATTERN xio 33. NEGATIVE AND POSITIVE PHOTOGRAMS 2.10 34. PHOTOMONTAGE Photograph by Claud* Ptl^ r 2.11 35. RELIEF PRINT zii 36. BACK OF A MUCH-EXHIBITED PRINT 2.2.8 37. PAPER NEGATIVE PROCESS LIST OF FIGURES i. FOCAL LENGTH OF LENS 8 z. FOCAL LENGTH GOVERNS SIZE OF IMAGE 9 3. Focus FOR FAR AND NEAR OBJECTS, SHOWING CIRCLES OF CONFUSION u 4. STOPPING DOWN REDUCES CIRCLES OF CONFUSION iz 5. F: STOP RATIOS 13 6. COMPARATIVE SPEEDS OF LENSES 14 7. MENISCUS LENS 15 8. Focus OF COLORS 15 9. ACHROMATIC LENS 15 10. THEORY OF RECTILINEAR LENS 16 11. LENS ELEMENTS AND RESPECTIVE SPEEDS 17 n. COUPLED RANGE FINDER DIAGRAM 19 13. WESTON EXPOSURE METER zz 14. THE SHUTTER 15 15. VIEW FINDER z6 16. CAMERA OBSCURA zg 17. ACTION OF REFLEX CAMERA 34 18. PHOTOGRAPHER OF THE iSSo's 41 19. INGREDIENTS IN MAKING FILM 41 zo. FILM NOTCHES 46 zi. ACTION OF FILTERS 49 zz. TRIPOD 54 Z3. TILT-PAN HEAD 55 Z4. FILM PACK 57 ZJ. KODAFLECTOR 5^ z6. COMPOSITION DIAGRAM FOR ILLUSTRATION i 74 17. DIAGRAM FOR ILLUSTRATION 3 76 z8. INTERIOR GROUP LIGHTING DIAGRAMS 80 zg. PORTRAIT LIGHTING DIAGRAMS 87 30. KODACHROME DIAGRAM Io8